Interview questions automation engineers

Interview questions automation engineers


Q1. What is Automation?
Automation is delegation of human control functions and replacing it with Electrical & Electronic Equipment , to make the industrial machines run automatically without human operator . 

Q2. Why we do industrial automation ?
we use  industrial automation to
  • Increase productivity
  • Better quality
  • Reduce production time
  •  Reduce cost
  • Increase safety working conditions

What are components of Industrial Automation systems ?
  • Sensors ( RTD , Thermocouples , Pressure , Flow, ...)
  • Transmitters
  • Controllers ( PLC , DCS , PID , ....)
  • Actuators ( Drives , Valves , Contactors, ....)

Why did PLC replace classic/relay control panels ?
  • PLC is more flexible for modifications and changes .
  • Classic control circuits were very difficult to troubleshoot.
  • PLC can do more complex operations.
  • PLC can work with analog signals and perform PID loops.

What is the difference between PLC&DCS ?
  • PLC : The system has stand alone processor , I O modules & Communications modules. Can be connected with HMI & SCADA for monitoring.
  • DCS : Has multiple processors distributed over the plant as sub systems , and there is a central control unit with an embedded HMI n the system itself not external.

What are types of PLC I/Os ?
  • Analog I/Os : where the signal is continuous and refere to a physical value ( Temperature – Pressure , ...)
  • Digital I/Os : where the signal has only two discrete conditions On/Off or 0/1

What are types of PLC I/O modules ?
  • Local I/Os : I/Os placed in the main PLC rack which contains the CPU.
  • Distributed : I/Os not in the main unit nor the main rack and connected to the main rack using communications bus

Difference between compact and modular PLC ?
  • Compact : The CPU , power supply and I/Os are built in in the main unit.
  • Modular : Have separated slots for every component, and you can select I/O as needed.

What is meant by Analog I/O resolution ?
It determines how much bits are used for storing Analog value. A 12 bit resolution card means that the 1/0 will be (0 to 4095) ( 2^12 -1) , while 16 bit card will be (0- 65536 ) which will give more accurate data .






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